Recognising Arthritis Signs and Supporting Lifelong Comfort

Is your dog struggling to chase their beloved ball? Reluctant to climb stairs, or go for a walk? Is your cat hesitant to jump? Or lacking energy, irritable and dislikes being touched? Signs such as these are often noticed in the colder winter months and suggest your pet may be suffering from arthritis.  

Our team at Bellarine Veterinary Practice in Geelong, helps many dogs get a spring in their step back with a range of arthritis care options.  We are also experts at detecting the more subtle signs of arthritic disease in secretive cats that rarely alert us to their pain or discomfort. 

What is Arthritis? 

Arthritis, also known as osteoarthritis (OA) or degenerative joint disease (DJD), is one of the most common causes of chronic pain and reduced mobility in both dogs and cats. While it is often associated with ageing pets, arthritis can affect animals of all ages and breeds. With early recognition and a tailored management plan, pets with arthritis can continue to enjoy a comfortable, active, and happy life. 

Understanding Arthritis in Pets 

Osteoarthritis develops when the protective cartilage within a joint wears down over time, leading to inflammation, stiffness, and pain. In dogs, arthritis is frequently linked to previous injuries, joint conditions such as hip or elbow dysplasia, or long-term wear and tear (particularly in large breeds).  

In cats, osteoarthritis is just as common, but it often goes unnoticed as they are masters at masking discomfort and subtly changing their behaviour rather than showing obvious lameness. 

Studies suggest that the majority of senior cats have signs of arthritis, even if they are still jumping and moving around the home. Similarly, many dogs with arthritis continue to be enthusiastic walkers, despite underlying joint pain. 

Signs of Arthritis in Dogs and Cats 

Recognising early signs of arthritis is essential for timely treatment. In dogs, symptoms may include: 

• Stiffness, especially after rest 

• Slowing down on walks or reluctance to exercise 

• Difficulty climbing stairs or jumping into the car 

• Limping or changes in gait 

In cats, the signs are often more subtle and may include: 

• Reduced jumping or climbing 

• Difficulty using the litter tray 

• Changes in grooming habits 

• Increased sleeping or withdrawal 

• Irritability when handled 

Any behavioural change in your pet is worth discussing with your veterinarian. 

Diagnosis and Veterinary Assessment 

Our veterinarians diagnose osteoarthritis through physical examination, discussion of your pet’s lifestyle and behaviour, and diagnostic imaging techniques such as x-rays or CT scanning. At Bellarine Veterinary Practice, we focus on identifying arthritis early and assessing how it is affecting your pet’s comfort and quality of life. 

Managing Arthritis: A Multimodal Approach 

There is no single solution for arthritis, but a combination of treatments can significantly improve comfort and mobility in both dogs and cats. Management plans may include: 

• Weight management: Maintaining a healthy body weight reduces stress on joints. Prescription diets are available to help manage both weight and joint disease. 

• Targeted exercise: Controlled, low-impact activities help maintain mobility and keep joints moving and maintain muscle strength, without exacerbating pain. Gentle walking and swimming are particularly good for dogs. 

• Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other pain relief medications can alleviate discomfort. Injectable monoclonal antibody and disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs are also extremely helpful in managing pain in both dogs and cats. 

• Joint supplements and nutrition: Products and diets containing Epiitalis, glucosamine, chondroitin, omega-3 fatty acids and a range of other supplements can help joint health. 

• Environmental modifications: Simple changes such as ramps, soft, orthopaedic bedding, non-slip flooring, and low-entry kitty litter trays can make a significant difference. 

• Physical therapy: Techniques like hydrotherapy, physiotherapy and massage can enhance mobility and reduce stiffness. Laser therapy and acupuncture are useful in many patients. 

• Advanced therapies: Options such as regenerative medicine or surgical intervention may be considered in severe cases. 

Supporting Your Pet’s Quality of Life 

Arthritis is a lifelong condition, but it does not have to limit your pet’s enjoyment of life. With ongoing monitoring and adjustments to their care plan, most pets remain comfortable and engaged with their families well into their senior years. 

If you’ve noticed changes in your pet’s movement or behaviour or suspect they are suffering from arthritis, early intervention can make a meaningful difference. The team at Bellarine Veterinary Practice is here to help create an individualised management plan to support your pet at every stage of their life. 

Call us today on (03) 5248 2009 or click here to make an appointment online.