As the weather starts to warm up, snake activity increases with snakebites posing a serious hazard to curious dogs. Some of the world’s most dangerous snakes are commonly found throughout the Geelong region, including the Tiger snake, Eastern Brown snake, Red-Bellied Black snake and Lowland Copperhead.
Dogs face a heightened risk of snakebite because they’re naturally inquisitive and often venture into bushland, shrubs, wetlands and off walking trails where snakes may be hiding. Snakes are regularly spotted sunning themselves near the popular Barwon River in Geelong and around other water sources. Dogs can be bitten suddenly and without warning, often while owners are unaware.
Recognising a Snakebite
Signs of envenomation in dogs can appear within 15–30 minutes and depending on the species of snake may include:
- Weakness or collapse (which may be followed by an apparent quick recovery)
- Shallow or labored breathing
- Muscle tremors, shaking, reduced eye blink
- Paralysis
- Vomiting or excessive salivation
- Dilated pupils
- Red or orange-coloured urine
- Irregular bleeding from the nose, mouth or bottom
There may be swelling or pain around the site of envenomation – but bite marks may be hidden under fur and are rarely seen, so don’t rely on visible wounds. If your dog shows any of these signs after a walk or outdoor play, especially in sunny weather and snake-prone areas, get veterinary help urgently.
Emergency Response
If you suspect a snakebite, time is critical so seek immediate veterinary care.
- Call ahead for advice – not all vet clinics stock anti-venom so you may be redirected to an emergency veterinary hospital.
- Keep your dog calm and still – movement spreads venom faster.
- Carry your dog to the car if possible.
- Apply a firm bandage above, below and over the site of the bite if it is possible and if you know where your dog has been bitten. Remove your dog’s collar if the wound is on the face or neck as the area may swell.
- Do not apply ice or torniquets, cut the wound or attempt to suck out venom.
- Do not attempt to pick up, capture or kill the snake – if you can safely identify the snake, tell your vet.
Snakebite Diagnosis
Suspected snakebite victims are treated with priority upon arrival at the veterinary clinic and these patients are rapidly assessed. Diagnostic tests may be required to confirm envenomation and determine the most appropriate anti-venom. For accurate diagnosis, a Snake Venom Detection Kit (SVDK) is used where possible on a urine or blood sample. Other blood tests to assess blood clotting or muscle enzyme elevations can also provide important information.
Treatment & Prognosis
Treatment typically includes anti-venom, intravenous (IV) fluids, oxygen therapy, supportive care and close monitoring for organ damage. Some pets may require transfusion with blood products or a ventilator to assist their breathing. Severely affected snakebite patients may need intensive care and round-the-clock nursing for several days. Treatment plans can change frequently and will depend on the type of snake envenomation and the patient’s condition and progress.
The species of snake, the amount of venom injected, and the bite’s location (closer to the heart) can all influence the severity of the reaction. With prompt veterinary care, survival rates can exceed 80% and dogs can recover within 24-48 hours. Delayed access to treatment can result in prolonged intensive care stays, organ damage or death.
Prevention Tips
- Keep dogs on a leash during walks.
- Avoid tall grass and bushy areas.
- Maintain short grass and remove debris from your yard.
- Never attempt to kill or catch a snake – this endangers you and your pet.
Act Quickly
Snakebites are true emergencies. Time is critical and fast action can save your dog’s life. Geelong pet owners should stay vigilant during snake season (September to March) and know where to go for emergency care.
During clinic hours, call Bellarine Veterinary Practice on (03) 5248 2009 for prompt advice and attention. After hours please contact Geelong Animal Emergency on (03) 5222 2139.
For non-emergency veterinary appointments, please click here to book online.
